In his experiments, Faraday observed a luminescence that started part way down the tube, and traveled toward the anode. The arc started at the negative plate (known as the cathode) and traveled through the tube to the oppositely charged anode (Faraday, 1838). In 1838, Faraday noted that when passing a current through such a tube, an arc of electricity was observed. Rarefied air referred to a system in which most of the gaseous atoms had been removed, but where the vacuum was not complete. However, one of Faraday’s earliest experimental observations was a crucial precursor to the discovery of the first subatomic particle, the electron.Īs early as the mid-17th century, scientists had been experimenting with glass tubes filled with what was known then as rarefied air. Somewhat paradoxically, all of Faraday’s pioneering work was carried out prior to the discovery of the fundamental particle that these electrical phenomena depend upon. The English scientist Michael Faraday can reasonably be considered one of the greatest minds ever in the fields of electrochemistry and electromagnetism. Several scientists working on atomic models found that atoms were not the smallest possible particles that made up matter, and that different parts of the atom had very distinct characteristics. This module is an updated version of Atomic Theory I.īy the late 1800’s, John Dalton’s view of atoms as the smallest particles that made up all matter had held sway for about 100 years, but that idea was about to be challenged.
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